PHP Operators

PHP operator is like a function, which is used to perform operations on variables and values.

PHP operators are categorized into the following groups:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Increment/Decrement Operators
• Logical Operators
• String Operators
• Array Operators
• Error Control Operators
• Execution Operators

 

PHP Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to performing various operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc, These operators are used with numeric values.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
+	Addition	$m + $n	Sum of $m and $n
-	Subtraction	$m - $n	Difference of $m - $n
*	Multiplication	$m * $n	Product of $m * $n
/	Division	$m / $n	Quotient of $m and $n
%	Modulus	$m % $n	Remainder of $m divided by $n
**	Exponentiation	$m ** $n	Result of raising $m to the $n'th power

 

PHP Assignment Operators

In PHP, the Assignment operator is used to writing value to a variable.

• If a value is numeric you can both write to variable and can do an operation.
• If a value is a string you can only write to variable.

Assignment	Assigned to	Description
$m = $n	$m = $n	The left operand gets set to the value of the expression on the right
$m += $n	$m + $n	Addition
$m -= $n	$m - $n	Subtraction
$m *= $n	$m * $n	Multiplication
$m /= $n	$m / $n	Division
$m %= $n	$m % $n	Modulus

 

PHP Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to comparing two types of data numeric and string.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
==	Equal	$m == $n	True, If $m is equal to $n.
===	Identical	$m === $n	TRUE if $m is equal to $n, and they are of the same type.
!=	Not Equal	$m != $n	TRUE if $m is not equal to $n.
<>	Not Equal	$m <> $n	TRUE if $m is not equal to $n.
!==	Not Identical	$m !== $n	TRUE if $m is not equal to $n, or they are not of the same type.
<	Less Than	$m < $n	TRUE if $m is strictly less than $n.
>	Greator than	$m > $n	TRUE if $m is strictly greater than $n.
<=	Less than or Equal To	$m <= $n	TRUE if $m is less than or equal to $n.
>=	Greator than or Equal To	$m >= $n	TRUE if $m is less than or equal to $n.
<=>	Spaceship	$m <=> $n	An integer is less than, equal to, or greater than zero when $m is respectively less than, equal to, or greater than $n, Available in PHP 7.0 and 7+.

 

PHP Increment/Decrement Operators

PHP supports C programming style PRE & POST increment and decrement of the variable.

• The PHP increment operator is used to increase the variable's value.
• PHP decrement operator is used to decrease the variable's value.

Operator	Name	Description
++$m	Pre Increment	Increments $m by one, then returns $m.
$m++	Post Increment	Returns $m, then increments $m by one.
--$m	Pre Decrement	Decrements $m by one, then returns $m.
$m--	Post Decrement	Returns $m, then decrements $m by one.

 

PHP Bitwise Operators

PHP Bitwise operators allow evaluation and manipulation of specific bits within an integer additionally.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
&	AND	$m & $n	BIts are set in both $m and $n
|	OR	$m | $n	BIts are set in either $m or $n
^	XOR	$m ^ $n	BIts are set in either $m or $n but not both are set
~	NOT	~ $m	BIts are not set in $m
<<	Shift Left	$m << $n	Shift the bits of $m $n steps to the left (each step means "multiply by two")
>>	Shift Right	$m >> $n	Shift the bits of $m $n steps to the right (each step means "divide by two")

 

PHP Logical Operators

In PHP logical operators are used to combining conditional statements.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
and	AND	$m and $n	TRUE if both $m and $n are TRUE.
or	OR	$m or $n	TRUE if either $m or $n is TRUE.
xor	XOR	$m xor $n	TRUE if either $m or $n is TRUE, but not both.
&&	AND	$m && $n	TRUE if both $m and $n are TRUE.
||	OR	$m || $n	TRUE if either $m or $n is TRUE.
!	NOT	!$m	TRUE if $m is not TRUE.

 

PHP String Operators

PHP has two string operators to concatenation and another append the first variable to the second variable.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
.	Concatenation	$var1.$var2	Concatenation of $var1 and $var2
.=	Concatenation assignment	$var1.=$var2	Appends $var2 to $var1

 

PHP Array Operators

In PHP, The PHP array operators are used to compare two array variables.

Operator	Name	Operation	Result
+	Union	$m+$n	Union of $m and $n
==	Equality	$m==$n	Returns true if $m and $n have the same key/value pairs
===	Identity	$m===$n	Returns true if $m and $n have the same key/value pairs in the same order and of the same types
!=	Inequality	$m!=$n	Returns true if $m is not equal to $n
<>	Inequality	$m<>$n	Returns true if $m is not equal to $n
!==	Non-Identity	$m!==$n	Returns true if $m is not identical to $n

 

PHP Error Control Operator

PHP supports the error control operator. This error control operator prepared an expression to generate an error message then the expression will be ignored.

<?php

    /* Intentional file error */
    $var = @file ("doesn't exist any file") or
           die ("Failed to open file '$php_errormsg'");

    // it works for any expression, not just functions or code of block:
    $value = @$cache[$key];

    // will not issue a notice if the index $key does not exist.

?>