Example: FindNthElementsUsingSorting in Java

// FindNthElementsUsingSorting
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.OptionalInt;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] numbers = {10, 5, 20, 8, 15, 20, 12, 5};
        System.out.println("Original array: " + Arrays.toString(numbers));

        // Step 1: Handle edge cases for array size
        if (numbers.length < 2) {
            System.out.println("Array must have at least 2 elements to find second smallest.");
            return;
        }
        if (numbers.length < 3) {
            System.out.println("Array must have at least 3 elements to find third largest.");
            return;
        }

        // Step 2: Sort the array
        Arrays.sort(numbers);
        System.out.println("Sorted array: " + Arrays.toString(numbers));

        // Step 3: Find the second smallest element
        // After sorting, the second smallest element is at index 1
        int secondSmallest = numbers[1];

        // Step 4: Find the third largest element
        // After sorting, the third largest element is at index length - 3
        int thirdLargest = numbers[numbers.length - 3];

        System.out.println("Second Smallest Element: " + secondSmallest);
        System.out.println("Third Largest Element: " + thirdLargest);
    }
}