Example: Transpose Matrix With Function in C++

// Transpose Matrix With Function
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Function to compute and store the transpose of a matrix
// Note: In C++, when passing 2D arrays to functions, the number of columns
// must be specified. For dynamically sized matrices, you'd typically use
// std::vector<std::vector<int>> or pass pointers. For simplicity, we'll
// use fixed maximum sizes or C-style VLA (Variable Length Array) which
// is a GNU extension or C99 feature, not standard C++.
// For standard C++, we often use templates or std::vector.
// Here, we'll pass dimensions and use dynamic allocation or fixed size
// to demonstrate the concept. Let's use fixed max sizes for simplicity for this tutorial.
const int MAX_SIZE = 10; // Maximum size for rows and columns

void getTranspose(int originalMatrix[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE], int rows, int cols,
                  int transposedMatrix[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE]) {
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            transposedMatrix[j][i] = originalMatrix[i][j];
        }
    }
}

// Function to print a matrix
void printMatrix(int matrix[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE], int rows, int cols) {
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            cout << matrix[i][j] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    // Step 1: Declare dimensions and matrices
    int rows, cols;

    cout << "Enter number of rows (max " << MAX_SIZE << "): ";
    cin >> rows;
    cout << "Enter number of columns (max " << MAX_SIZE << "): ";
    cin >> cols;

    if (rows > MAX_SIZE || cols > MAX_SIZE) {
        cout << "Error: Dimensions exceed maximum allowed size." << endl;
        return 1;
    }

    int matrix[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE];       // Original matrix
    int transpose[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE];    // Transposed matrix

    // Step 2: Input elements into the original matrix
    cout << "Enter elements of the matrix:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            cout << "Enter element matrix[" << i << "][" << j << "]: ";
            cin >> matrix[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Step 3: Print the original matrix
    cout << "\nOriginal Matrix:" << endl;
    printMatrix(matrix, rows, cols);

    // Step 4: Compute the transpose using the function
    getTranspose(matrix, rows, cols, transpose);

    // Step 5: Print the transposed matrix
    cout << "\nTransposed Matrix:" << endl;
    printMatrix(transpose, cols, rows); // Note: Pass cols, then rows for dimensions

    return 0;
}