Example: Rotate Matrix 90 Degrees Clockwise in C++ using Function

// Rotate Matrix 90 Degrees Clockwise in C++ using Function
#include <iostream>
#define N 4
using namespace std;

void rotate90DegClockwise(int x[N][N]);
void printMatrix(int x[N][N]);

int main() {
    int arru[N][N] = {
        {43, 23, 67, 41},
        {15, 16, 17, 18},
        {19, 10, 11, 21},
        {23, 24, 25, 26}
    };

    cout << "-----The input matrix before 90 degrees clock-wise rotation-----\n\n";
    printMatrix(arru);

    // this function will be rotate each element clock-wise
    rotate90DegClockwise(arru);

    cout << "\n-----The matrix after 90 degrees clock-wise rotation-----\n\n";
    printMatrix(arru);
    return 0;
}

// It's the function to rotate the matrix 90 degree clock-wise
void rotate90DegClockwise(int a[N][N]) {

    // It will traverse the each cycle
    for (int i = 0; i < N / 2; i++) {
        for (int j = i; j < N - i - 1; j++) {
 
            // It will swap elements of each cycle in clock-wise direction
            int temp = a[i][j];
            a[i][j] = a[N - 1 - j][i];
            a[N - 1 - j][i] = a[N - 1 - i][N - 1 - j];
            a[N - 1 - i][N - 1 - j] = a[j][N - 1 - i];
            a[j][N - 1 - i] = temp;
        }
    }
}

// It's the function for print the rotated matrix
void printMatrix(int arr[N][N]) {
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        cout << "\t";
        for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
            cout << arr[i][j] << "\t";
        cout << "\n\n";
    }
}