Example: Reading Entire Lines of User Input

// Reading Entire Lines of User Input
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    // Step 1: Declare a string to store user input
    string fullName;
    string city;

    // Step 2: Prompt for full name and read it using getline()
    cout << "Please enter your full name: ";
    // getline(input_stream, string_variable)
    getline(cin, fullName);
    cout << "Hello, " << fullName << "!" << endl;

    // Step 3: Be careful with mixed cin and getline
    // If there's a leftover newline character in the buffer from a previous cin >>,
    // getline might read it immediately as an empty line.
    int age;
    cout << "Enter your age: ";
    cin >> age;

    // Clear the newline character from the input buffer
    cin.ignore(); // Discards characters up to and including the next newline

    cout << "Enter your city: ";
    getline(cin, city); // Now it will correctly read the city
    cout << "You are " << age << " years old and live in " << city << "." << endl;

    return 0;
}