Example: MatrixSumDifference in C++

// MatrixSumDifference
#include <iostream>
#include <vector> // Using vector for dynamic arrays, but fixed size 2D array could also be used.

int main() {
    int rows, cols;

    // Step 1: Get dimensions from the user
    std::cout << "Enter the number of rows: ";
    std::cin >> rows;
    std::cout << "Enter the number of columns: ";
    std::cin >> cols;

    // Step 2: Validate dimensions
    if (rows <= 0 || cols <= 0) {
        std::cout << "Matrix dimensions must be positive integers." << std::endl;
        return 1; // Indicate error
    }

    // Step 3: Declare matrices using vectors of vectors
    // For fixed-size arrays: int matrix1[10][10], matrix2[10][10], sumMatrix[10][10], diffMatrix[10][10];
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> matrix1(rows, std::vector<int>(cols));
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> matrix2(rows, std::vector<int>(cols));
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> sumMatrix(rows, std::vector<int>(cols));
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> diffMatrix(rows, std::vector<int>(cols));

    // Step 4: Input elements for Matrix 1
    std::cout << "\nEnter elements for Matrix 1 (" << rows << "x" << cols << "):" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << "Enter element at (" << i + 1 << "," << j + 1 << "): ";
            std::cin >> matrix1[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Step 5: Input elements for Matrix 2
    std::cout << "\nEnter elements for Matrix 2 (" << rows << "x" << cols << "):" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << "Enter element at (" << i + 1 << "," << j + 1 << "): ";
            std::cin >> matrix2[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Step 6: Calculate sum and difference
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            sumMatrix[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];
            diffMatrix[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Step 7: Display Matrix 1
    std::cout << "\nMatrix 1:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << matrix1[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    // Step 8: Display Matrix 2
    std::cout << "\nMatrix 2:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << matrix2[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    // Step 9: Display Sum Matrix
    std::cout << "\nSum of Matrices:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << sumMatrix[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    // Step 10: Display Difference Matrix
    std::cout << "\nDifference of Matrices:" << std::endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            std::cout << diffMatrix[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}