Example: Matrix Addition using Multi-dimensional Arrays in C++

// Matrix Addition using Multi-dimensional Arrays
#include <iostream> // Required for input/output operations
using namespace std; // Using the standard namespace

int main() {
    // Step 1: Define matrix dimensions (rows and columns)
    const int ROWS = 2; // Number of rows
    const int COLS = 3; // Number of columns

    // Step 2: Declare and initialize the first matrix (matrixA)
    int matrixA[ROWS][COLS] = {
        {1, 2, 3},
        {4, 5, 6}
    };

    // Step 3: Declare and initialize the second matrix (matrixB)
    int matrixB[ROWS][COLS] = {
        {7, 8, 9},
        {10, 11, 12}
    };

    // Step 4: Declare a result matrix (sumMatrix) to store the sum
    // It must have the same dimensions as matrixA and matrixB
    int sumMatrix[ROWS][COLS];

    // Step 5: Perform matrix addition using nested loops
    // Outer loop iterates through rows
    for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; ++i) {
        // Inner loop iterates through columns
        for (int j = 0; j < COLS; ++j) {
            // Add corresponding elements of matrixA and matrixB
            // Store the result in sumMatrix at the same position
            sumMatrix[i][j] = matrixA[i][j] + matrixB[i][j];
        }
    }

    // Step 6: Display the resulting sum matrix
    cout << "Sum of the matrices:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < COLS; ++j) {
            // Print each element followed by a space
            cout << sumMatrix[i][j] << " ";
        }
        // Move to the next line after printing all elements of a row
        cout << endl;
    }

    return 0; // Indicate successful execution
}