Example: Circular Array Rotation using Temporary Array in C++

// Circular Array Rotation using Temporary Array
#include <iostream>
#include <vector> // Using std::vector for dynamic array
#include <numeric> // For std::iota if needed for initialization (not used in example)

void rotateArrayTemp(std::vector<int>& arr, int k) {
    int n = arr.size();
    if (n == 0) return; // Handle empty array
    k = k % n; // Normalize k to be within array bounds (0 to n-1)

    // Create a temporary vector to store the last k elements
    std::vector<int> temp(k);
    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
        temp[i] = arr[n - k + i];
    }

    // Shift the first n-k elements to the right by k positions
    for (int i = n - 1; i >= k; --i) {
        arr[i] = arr[i - k];
    }

    // Copy the elements from the temporary vector to the beginning of the original array
    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
        arr[i] = temp[i];
    }
}

int main() {
    // Step 1: Define the array and rotation amount
    std::vector<int> my_array = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
    int k_positions = 2;

    std::cout << "Original Array: ";
    for (int x : my_array) {
        std::cout << x << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // Step 2: Call the rotation function
    rotateArrayTemp(my_array, k_positions);

    // Step 3: Print the rotated array
    std::cout << "Rotated Array (k=" << k_positions << "): ";
    for (int x : my_array) {
        std::cout << x << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // Example with k > n
    std::vector<int> another_array = {1, 2, 3};
    int k_large = 4;
    std::cout << "\nOriginal Array: ";
    for (int x : another_array) {
        std::cout << x << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
    rotateArrayTemp(another_array, k_large);
    std::cout << "Rotated Array (k=" << k_large << ", normalized to k=1): ";
    for (int x : another_array) {
        std::cout << x << " ";
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}