Example: Check Sparse Matrix in C

// Check Sparse Matrix
#include <stdio.h>

// Function to check if a matrix is sparse
void checkSparseMatrix(int rows, int cols, int matrix[rows][cols]) {
    int zeroCount = 0;
    int totalElements = rows * cols;

    // Step 1: Iterate through the matrix to count zero elements
    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
            if (matrix[i][j] == 0) {
                zeroCount++;
            }
        }
    }

    // Step 2: Compare zero count with the threshold
    // A matrix is considered sparse if the number of zero elements
    // is greater than half of the total elements.
    if (zeroCount > (totalElements / 2)) {
        printf("The given matrix is a Sparse Matrix.\n");
    } else {
        printf("The given matrix is NOT a Sparse Matrix.\n");
    }

    // Optional: Print details for clarity
    printf("Total elements: %d\n", totalElements);
    printf("Number of zero elements: %d\n", zeroCount);
    printf("Number of non-zero elements: %d\n", totalElements - zeroCount);
}

int main() {
    // Example 1: A Sparse Matrix
    int rows1 = 3;
    int cols1 = 3;
    int matrix1[3][3] = {
        {1, 0, 0},
        {0, 2, 0},
        {0, 0, 3}
    };

    printf("--- Matrix 1 ---\n");
    printf("Matrix:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols1; j++) {
            printf("%d ", matrix1[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    checkSparseMatrix(rows1, cols1, matrix1);

    printf("\n--- Matrix 2 ---\n");
    // Example 2: A Non-Sparse Matrix
    int rows2 = 3;
    int cols2 = 3;
    int matrix2[3][3] = {
        {1, 2, 3},
        {4, 5, 0},
        {0, 0, 0}
    };
    printf("Matrix:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {
            printf("%d ", matrix2[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    checkSparseMatrix(rows2, cols2, matrix2);

    return 0;
}